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Glossary · debt

What is Refinancing?

Replacing an existing loan with a new one, usually at a lower rate or better terms.

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Refinancing is common for mortgages, student loans, and auto loans. The new loan pays off the old one; the borrower keeps the new payment terms. Closing costs and fees eat into savings, so the break-even period matters.

General rule for mortgages: refinancing usually makes sense when you can drop the rate by 0.5–1 percentage point and expect to stay long enough to recoup closing costs.

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Frequently asked questions

Should I refinance my mortgage?

Depends on the rate difference, closing costs, and how long you plan to stay. Break-even under 3 years is generally a green light; over 5 years usually isn't worth it.

Can I refinance federal student loans?

Only into private loans — which permanently gives up federal protections like income-driven repayment and PSLF. Weigh the rate savings against those benefits.

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